![]() ![]() Homosexuality, now widely accepted as a variant of human sexuality, was at one time discussed as a sexual deviation. The suffering or humiliation of oneself or one's partner.In 1981, an article published in American Journal of Psychiatry described paraphilia as "recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors generally involving" the following: Before the introduction of the term paraphilia in the DSM-III (1980), the term sexual deviation was used to refer to paraphilias in the first two editions of the manual. In the late 19th century, psychologists and psychiatrists started to categorize various paraphilias as they wanted a more descriptive system than the legal and religious constructs of sodomy and perversion. The term comes from the Greek παρά ( para) "beside" and φιλία ( -philia) "friendship, love". Ĭoinage of the term paraphilia ( paraphilie) has been credited to Friedrich Salomon Krauss in 1903 and it was used with some regularity by Stekel in the 1920s. Money described paraphilia as "a sexuoerotic embellishment of, or alternative to the official, ideological norm." Psychiatrist Glen Gabbard writes that despite efforts by Wilhelm Stekel and John Money, "the term paraphilia remains pejorative in most circumstances." Stekel noted that Rousseau also discussed paraphilia in a novel. Sexologist John Money popularized the term paraphilia as a non- pejorative designation for unusual sexual interests. Many terms have been used to describe atypical sexual interests, and there remains debate regarding technical accuracy and perceptions of stigma. As such, these terms are often used loosely and interchangeably, especially in common parlance. To date there is no broad scientific consensus for definitive boundaries between what are considered "unconventional sexual interests", kinks, fetishes, and paraphilias. Several sub-classifications of paraphilia have been proposed, although some argue that a fully dimensional, spectrum or complaint-oriented approach would better reflect the evident diversity of human sexuality. The exact number and taxonomy of paraphilia is under debate one source lists as many as 549 types of paraphilia. ![]() It has also been defined as a sexual interest in anything other than a consenting human partner. Paraphilia is the experience of recurring or intense sexual arousal to atypical objects, situations, fantasies, behaviors, or individuals.
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